Some professional football players practice ballet. An NCAA champion runner also swims. An Olympic gold medal speed skater does six-hour biking sessions. According to researchers from Michigan State University, these athletes are ahead of the game because cross-training can help prevent injury in youth athletes.

Nathan Fitton, associate professor of orthopedics in the MSU College of Osteopathic Medicine, chief medical information officer for MSU Health Care, and MSU Athletics team physician; Jared Lutsic, MSU College of Osteopathic Medicine alumni and orthopedic surgery resident at Henry Ford Warren; and others studied the effects of sport specialization on collegiate athletes. Their findings were recently published in the Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine and reveal a direct association between the intensity of sport specialization and incidence of injuries while as a college athlete.

“We expected to learn that highly specialized athletes would have higher injury rates,” Fitton said. “What’s alarming is a statistically significant increase in surgical procedures after an injury. We found that the more specialized an athlete was, the more likely they were to need surgery to correct an injury. This was true for male and female athletes.”